Bachelard and Canguilhem, Bachelard's philosophy of science, reason and science, Bachelard's model of scientific change, the epistemological and metaphysical ramifications of Bachelard's model, Canguilhem's history of science, Canguilhem's conception of the history of science, Canguilhem's conception of norms, Foucault and the Bachelard-Canguilhem network, madness and mental illness, early writings on mental illness, madness in the classical age, mental illness and the asylum, the voice of madness, the history of madness: methods and results, clinical medicine, classical medicine, a new medical consciousness, the clinic as an institution, the linguistic structure of medical signs, the probabilistic structure of medical cases, seeing and saying, anatomo-clinical medicine, the birth of the clinic: methods and results, the Renaissance episteme, classical order, etc.